Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary was constructed in the time period between 1907 and 1913 near the confluence of Kodwa and Godavari rivers. There are about 460 species of plants and among them 80 species are aquatic plants. They include Jamun, Tamarind, Neem, Babul, Mango, Pangara, Nilgiri, Vilayati Chinch and Maharukh.

More than 80 species of migratory birds are found here namely white stork, glossy ibis, spoonbills, flamingo, goose brahminy duck, pintails, mallard, pigeon, pochards, cranes, curlews, weaves and wagtails, etc. other resident birds are buzzard, egrets, cormorants, herons, kites, vultures, harriers, quails, patridges, eagles, water hens, sand pipe, swifts, pea fowl, grey hornbill, etc.

Though this is primarily a bird sanctuary some wildlife are also spotted here such as jackal, mongoose, wolves, fishing cat, palm civet, ottar, snakes, etc. In the water reservoir that is located here more than 24 species of fish varieties are found.