History of Hyderabad

Hyderabad, one of the largest metropolitan cities of India was established in 1591 A.D. Though the city was established roughly 500 years ago, the archaeological findings prove that the history of the city starts from 500 B.C. The area was formerly called as Golkonda. Many dynasties starting from Mauryan dynasty ruled this place. The place was ruled by Chalukyas from 731 A.D. to 966 A.D. For about 300 years from 1000 A.D. to 1310 A.D, Kakatiya dynasty held supremacy in this place.

Khilji Dynasty and Tughluq dynasty

Hyderabad came under the reign of Sultan Alauddin Khilji of Khilji dynasty in 1310. It was during this time that the famous Kohinoor diamond was mined in the Kollur Mines of Golkanda and Alauddin Khilji took this to Delhi with him. For a brief period of time, the place came under the rule of Tughlaq dynasty. Then Bahmani Kings ruled Hyderabad for nearly two centuries until 1518 with Gulbarga as their capital.

Qutb Shahi Dynasty

The then Governor of Golkonda Quli Qutb Shah revolted against the Bahmani rulers and became the king of Hyderabad. Thus was started the Qutb Shahi dynasty. This period that lasted until 1687 was called as the glorious period of Hyderabad and many magnificent buildings were built during this time.

Reason for Its Name

Quli Qutb Shah established Hyderabad in 1591 and initially he named this as Bhagynagar after his beloved queen Bhagmati. Later when Bhagmati took to Islam and got the name Hyder Mahal, the place was named as Hyderabad. However it is also said that Hyder means brave or lion and Abad means place. Since this withstood the plague epidemic, the place got the name of City of Brave. It is also called as City of Bangles and City of Pearls.

There were totally eight Qutb Shahi rulers namely,

1. Sultan Quli Qutbul Mulk (1518 – 1543)

2. Jamsheed Qulit Qutb Shah (1543 – 1500)

3. Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)

4. Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah (1550 – 1580)

5. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580 – 1612)

6. Muhammad Qutb Shah (1612 – 1626)

7. Abdullah Qutb Shahi (1626 – 1762)

8. Abul Hasan Tana Shah (1672 – 1687)

Asaf Jahi Dynasty

In 1687, Aurangazeb of Mughal dynasty, after a siege of 8 months broke into the fortress of Abul Hasan Tana Shah and arrested him. Tana Shah died after 12 years of captivity. The brave commanders of Aurangazeb, Khwaja Abid Siddiqi and his son Qaziuddin Siddiqi assisted him in that effort and the former died in the war. Mir Qamaruddin Siddiqi, the son of Qaziuddin Siddiqi was made as the governor of the place. In 1724, he declared himself as the Nizam of Hyderabad and thus started the Asaf Jahi dynasty.

The seven Asaf Jah Nizams are

1. Mir Qamaruddin Chin Qilij Khan (1724 – 1748)

2. Nizam Ali Khan (1762 – 1803)

3. Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikander Jah (1803 – 1829)

4. Mir Farkhunda Ali Khan Nasir Ud Daula (1829 – 1857)

5. Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal ud Daula (1857 – 1869)

6. Mir Mahboob Ali Khan (1869 – 1911)

7. Mir Osman Ali Khan (1911 – 1948)

After Indian Independence

After the independence of India, the last Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan wanted to remain independent. As the state was surrounded on all sides by the Indian Union, the government of India conducted Operation Polo according to which the place was attached from five fronts. Within four days the Nizam surrendered and Hyderabad was made as a part of India on 18^th September 1948. The last Nizam Osman Ali Khan was made as the Rajpramukh of Hyderabad state. On 1st November 1956, the state of Andhra Pradesh was made with Hyderabad as its capital. Anyone who is interested in this historical city should take a look at Hyderabad photos and Hyderabad videos to know more about its culture and traditions.

Article Posted By : Sumazla  On February 06, 2012lView All Articles

I am Suhaina Mazhar, a freelance content writer and blogger and have written thousands of original articles. Writing is my passion, writing is my hobby and writing is my career. I want to write till the last moment of my life.

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