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Our country is composed of languages and cultures of different types. Yet there lies a common fact that binds all people together, despite of its diversity. Our patriotic songs have played a significant role in conveying this message to Indian people. Not only do they bind us together under one roof, but also keep our love towards the nation intact. So, through this column let us travel through a few patriotic songs that all Indians have accepted and made their own.
Jana Gana Mana was accepted as National anthem by Indian Constituent assembly, while Vande Mataram was officially accepted as National song. It was announced by India’s first president, Rajendra Prasad on January 24, 1950. The first historical Parliament conference started on 1947 August 14, midnight with Vande Mataram and it ended with Jana Gana Mana. Official time needed to complete Jana Gana Mana is 52 seconds and at some ocacssions, taking the first and last two lines each, 20 seconds may be used to sing National Anthem.
Bharata Vidhata
Each and every line of our National Anthem is bi-heart to all of us. In 1911 December 27, conference of Indian National Congress was held at Kolkata. On the second day, many poets including Rabindranath Tagore were invited to recite poems. Along with Tagore, his relative Sarala Devi and a few kids recited this poem for the first time. A lot of leaders present – Congress President Bision Naravan Dhar, Bhupendranath Boss, Ambikacharan Majumdaar and the chief guest of the function was British ruler, George. Later it was criticized that the poem was recited praising the British ruler.
The poem was published for the first time in 1912 January in Tatwabhodini newspaper of Brahma Samacham. It was published by the title ‘Bharata Vidhata’. When it was decided that India’s capital should be shifted from Kolkata to Delhi, protests came from Bengal. During the protests and strikes done that time, this poem was recited by protestants. Bharata Vidhata has 5 stanzas of which first one has been accepted as our National Anthem and recited always.
Song of Anand Math
“Vande Matharam” is a short poem that has been taken from a Bengali novel, Anand Matham written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. This novel is filled with respect and love to Bharat Matha and independence. Once in 1875, while Chatterjee was returning to his home village from Kolkatta, he wrote this poem in train.
It was recited for the first time by Rabindranath Tagore in 1896 in the conference of Indian National Congress. It was repeated two times later by Dakeena Charan Singh in 1901 and Sarala Devi in 1905. Lala Lajpat Rai published a magazine from Lahore with the name Vande Mataram. Later it became the slogan against British rule in India.
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Keywords :
Vande Mataram and Jana gana mana
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National anthem
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National song